Experiencias comunitarias, crianzas compartidas y políticas de cuidado / Experiências comunitárias, políticas compartilhadas de pais e cuidados / Community experiences, shared upbringing and care policies

RESUMEN En el presente artículo, escrito en el contexto de la pandemia 2020-2021 y en el marco del cumplimento del Aislamiento Social Preventivo y Obligatorio (ASPO), analizamos dos experiencias comunitarias vinculadas al cuidado de las infancias y adolescencias que se desarrollan en las provincias de Neuquén y Río Negro (Patagonia Argentina). Dicho análisis es resultado de una investigación cualitativa realizada desde la perspectiva de la Psicología Social Crítica y las Políticas Públicas en la que buscamos recuperar los saberes sociales que estas iniciativas comunitarias pueden aportar al diseño y reformulación de las políticas públicas de cuidado. Específicamente, las experiencias que aquí presentamos son: la Asociación Civil GAIA-Nueva Crianza, conformada por familias de niñes y adolescentes trans; y la Asociación Civil Lazos Azules, integrada por familias de niños y adolescentes con TEA (Trastorno del Espectro Autista). Si bien las dos asociaciones son muy diferentes entre sí, ambas coinciden en estar protagonizadas por familias que, a partir de haber escuchado y prestado atención a las necesidades de sus hijo/a/es, se organizaron colectivamente para visibilizar la realidad de sus niño/a/es y adolescentes generando distintas acciones. Dichas acciones tienden no sólo a hacer efectivos los derechos de las infancias y adolescencias, especialmente aquellos vinculados a la identidad, la educación y la salud, sino que están orientadas a incidir en las políticas públicas de cuidado a nivel local desde lo que Boaventura de Sousa Santos denomina la sociología de las emergencias y desde lo que Rita Segato designa como una politicidad en clave femenina anfibia.

RESUMO. Neste artigo, escrito no contexto da pandemia 2020-2021 e no quadro do cumprimento do Isolamento Social Preventivo e Obrigatório (ASPO), analisamos duas experiências comunitárias relacionadas com o cuidado de crianças e adolescentes que ocorrem nas províncias de Neuquén e Río Negro (Patagônia Argentina). Esta análise é resultado de uma pesquisa qualitativa realizada na perspectiva da Psicologia Social Crítica e das Políticas Públicas, na qual buscamos resgatar o conhecimento social de que essas iniciativas comunitárias podem contribuir para o desenho e reformulação das políticas públicas de atenção. Especificamente, as experiências que aqui apresentamos são: a Associação Civil GAIA-Nueva Crianza, formada por famílias de crianças e adolescentes trans; e a Associação Civil Lazos Azules, formada por famílias de crianças e adolescentes com TEA (Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo). Embora as duas associações sejam muito diferentes entre si, ambas coincidem no fato de serem lideradas por famílias que, depois de ouvir e atentar para as necessidades dos filhos, se organizam coletivamente para tornar visível a realidade dos filhos. a / es e adolescentes gerando diferentes ações. Essas ações tendem não só a efetivar os direitos da criança e do adolescente, especialmente aqueles vinculados à identidade, educação e saúde, mas visam influenciar as políticas públicas de atenção em nível local a partir do que Boaventura de Sousa Santos denomina a sociologia das emergências e do que Rita Segato designa como feminilidade anfíbia chave de politicidade.

ABSTRACT In this article, written in the context of the 2020-2021 pandemic and in compliance with the Preventive and Compulsory Social Isolation (ASPO), we analyze two community experiences related to the care of children and adolescents that take place in the provinces of Neuquén and Río Negro (Argentinian Patagonia). This analysis is the result of a qualitative study carried out from the perspective of Critical Social Psychology and Public Policy, in which we seek to recover the social knowledge that these community initiatives can contribute to the design and reformulation of public care policies. Specifically, the experiences we present here are the GAIA-Nueva Crianza Civil Association, made up of families of trans children and adolescents; and the Lazos Azules civil association, made up of families of children and adolescents with ASD (autism spectrum disorder). Although the two associations are very different from each other, they both coincide in being led by families who, after having listened and paid attention to the needs of their children, they organized collectively to make visible the reality of their children and adolescents by generating different actions. These actions tend not only to make effective the rights of children and adolescents, especially those linked to identity, education and health, but are also aimed at influencing public care policies at the local level, from what Boaventura de Sousa Santos calls the sociology of emergencies and from what Rita Segato designates amphibious feminine key politicity.

Furando os bolsos da psicologia social: experimentações transgressoras na docência / Piercing the pockets of social psychology: transgressive experiments in teaching / Perforando los bolsillos de la psicología social: experimentos transgressores en la enseñanza

Este artigo surge do convite a uma de suas autoras para o evento "Temas em Debate" de 2019, no qual vicejava a interrogação "O que o presente tem a contribuir para uma determinada psicologia social?". Tal acontecimento encontra outro, em andamento: três professoras trocavam ideias sobre suas práticas docentes em universidades públicas e se deparavam com a mesma questão. A experiência de uma sala de aula mais diversa e multicultural a partir das políticas afirmativas é tomada como campo de análise que movimenta nossa docência em psicologia social e impulsiona esta escrita. Diários de campo e correspondências constituem nossas ferramentas metodológicas. Através de processos de formação e experimentação que apostam na educação como prática de liberdade, almejamos discutir possíveis ampliações e transgressões - tanto das práticas docentes em sala de aula quanto da própria psicologia social transmitida, fazendo jus ao caráter disruptivo, inventivo e conectivo do paradigma ético-estético-político do qual partilhamos.

This article emerges from the invitation to one of its authors for the event "Themes in Debate" of 2019, in which the question "What does the present have to contribute to a certain social psychology?" arose. Such an event meets another one, in progress: three teachers exchanged ideas about their teaching practices at public universities and faced the same question. The experience of a more diverse and multicultural classroom based on affirmative policies is taken as an analysis field that mobilizes and moves our teaching in social psychology and drives this writing. Field diaries and correspondences are our methodological tools. Through training and experimentation processes that focus on education as a practice of freedom, we aim to discuss possible transgressions - both in the teaching practices in the classroom and in the transmitted social psychology, living up to the disruptive, inventive and connective character of the ethical-aesthetic-political paradigm that we share.

Este artículo surge de la invitación a una de sus autoras para el evento "Temas en Debate" de 2019, en el que surgió la pregunta "¿Que tiene el presente para aportar a una determinada psicología social?". Tal evento se encuentra con otro, en curso: tres profesoras intercambiaron ideas sobre sus prácticas docentes en las universidades públicas y se enfrentaron a la misma pregunta. Esta experiencia en clases más diversas y multiculturales, las cuales son guiadas por la implementación de políticas de acción afirmativa, constituye el campo de análisis de la enseñanza en psicología social que impulsa este escrito. Los diarios de campo y la correspondencia intercambiada entre profesoras son las herramientas metodológicas utilizadas. A través de procesos de formación y experimentación que apuestan en la educación como práctica de la libertad, discutimos posibles transgresiones, tanto en las prácticas docentes en la clase, como en la psicología social transmitida, a la altura del carácter disruptivo, inventivo y conectivo del paradigma ético-estético-político que compartimos.

Como manejar crenças cognitivas que maximizam seu sofrimento físico e mental

Como manejar crenças cognitivas que maximizam seu sofrimento físico e mental

On Attenuated Interactions, Measurement Error, and Statistical Power: Guidelines for Social and Personality Psychologists.

The replication crisis has seen increased focus on best practice techniques to improve the reliability of scientific findings. What remains elusive to many researchers and is frequently misunderstood is that predictions involving interactions dramatically affect the calculation of statistical power. Using recent papers published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (PSPB), we illustrate the pitfalls of improper power estimations in studies where attenuated interactions are predicted. Our investigation shows why even a programmatic series of six studies employing 2 × 2 designs, with samples exceeding N = 500, can be woefully underpowered to detect genuine effects. We also highlight the importance of accounting for error-prone measures when estimating effect sizes and calculating power, explaining why even positive results can mislead when power is low. We then provide five guidelines for researchers to avoid these pitfalls, including cautioning against the heuristic that a series of underpowered studies approximates the credibility of one well-powered study.

Storytelling: una metodología de aprendizaje activo para la enseñanza de la psicología social en la educación superior / Storytelling: a methodology for active learning in Social Psychology teaching

En los últimos años la educación superior está promoviendo el uso de metodologías activas para la mejora del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este artículo se analiza la utilidad del storytelling en la enseñanza de Psicología Social. Con este fin, 363 estudiantes universitarios participaron en la investigación, realizando una práctica grupal en la que debían escribir una historia utilizando conceptos de la asignatura, elaborar un informe explicativo, y leer las historias de otro grupo. Asimismo, cumplimentaron unos cuestionarios de valoración tanto de la práctica de storytelling como de otras dos representativas de la asignatura. La metodología empleada fue tanto cuantitativa como cualitativa. Los resultados muestran que el storytelling es percibido por los estudiantes como útil y es mejor valorado que los ejercicios de comparación, además de predecir el rendimiento académico (calificaciones en el examen teórico). Por último, se debaten las limitaciones del estudio (como la ausencia de grupo control) y las oportunidades de investigación futura, generalizando a otras áreas de conocimiento e incorporando una exposición pública de las historias desarrolladas

In recent years, higher education is promoting the use of active methodologies to improve the teaching-learning process. This paper analyzes the usefulness of storytelling in Social Psychology teaching. To that end, 363 university students participated in the research, performing a group exercise in which they had to write a story using concepts of Social Psychology, prepare an explanatory report, and read the stories of another group. Moreover, they also completed questionnaires assessing both the storytelling exercise and two other representative exercises of the subject. The methodology used was both quantitative and qualitative. The results show that storytelling is perceived as useful and it's valued higher than the comparison exercises by the students, in addition to predicting the academic performance (grades in the theory test). Finally, the limitations of the study are discussed, such as the absence of a control group and opportunities for further research, and also generalizing to other areas of knowledge and incorporating a public presentation of the stories

Du Bois's Decolonial Pragmatism: Teaching Community Psychology Toward Epistemological Liberation.

In this essay, I query the exclusion of scholars of color such as W. E. B. Du Bois's from the intellectual history of Community Psychology in America and propose integrating their work in formal curricula as an act of epistemological liberation. First, I compare Community Psychology's reliance on the pragmatism of William James and John Dewey to the lingering unfamiliarity with the decolonial pragmatism of Du Bois. I then engage Du Bois's methodological treatise "The Study of Negro Problems" as an example of epistemic disobedience and first wave decolonial thought in the social sciences. I further suggest his work serves as viable pedagogical tool to investigate bias in knowledge production, the importance of investigating subjugated knowledges, and early approaches to decolonial scholarship in the United States.

Engaging the Struggle for Decolonial Approaches to Teaching Community Psychology.

Community psychology's history has traditionally been described within the context of U.S. history, silencing contributions from people of color from the Americas, Asia, the Pacific Islands, and Africa. In a MA/PhD specialization in Community Psychology, Liberation Psychology, Indigenous Psychologies, and Ecopsychology at Pacifica Graduate Institute, we are attempting to steer into critical dialogues about modernity, coloniality, and decoloniality, closely examining our curriculum and pedagogy, including our approaches to fieldwork and research. Turning to Indigenous psychologists, decolonial and critical race theorists, and cultural workers within the U.S. and from the Global South, we are attempting to challenge coloniality in the social sciences, community psychology, and in our own thinking and teaching to unmask hegemonic assumptions and open space for decolonial theory and practice. In this paper, we explore ways in which we are working with our graduate students and faculty to co-construct a decolonial curriculum that integrates decoloniality so that knowledges from historically silenced locations, as well as anti-racist and other decolonial praxes can co-exist and thrive.

Decolonizing Community Psychology by Supporting Indigenous Knowledge, Projects, and Students: Lessons from Aotearoa New Zealand and Canada.

Community psychology has long stood as a social justice agitator that encouraged reformation both within and outside of the academy, while keeping a firm goal of building greater well-being for people in communities. However, community psychology's historically Euro-centric orientation and applied, interventionist focus may inadvertently promote colonial agendas. In this paper, we focus on the example of Indigenous Pacific peoples, drawing upon experience working among Indigenous iTaukei Fijian communities and with Indigenous frameworks for promoting student success in Aotearoa New Zealand and Canada. We outline how community psychology curricula can strive toward decolonization by (a) teaching students to respectfully navigate complexities of Indigenous knowledge and traditions that contest colonial ways of being and doing, (b) act as facilitators who build toward collaborative community projects and model this research practice to students, and (c) boost Indigenous student success by fostering relationships with instructors and fellow students that are embedded within the relational model of self that is often absent in individualistic-oriented Western academic settings.

What Does the Intention to be a Volunteer for a Student with Autism Predict? The Role of Cognitive Brain Types and Emotion and Behavior Characteristic / ¿Qué predice la intención de ser voluntario con un alumno con autismo? El papel de los tipos de cerebro cognitivo y las características emocionales y comportamentales

The study was designed to verify which cognitive brain types and behaviors in classroom predicted the intention to volunteer to become a peer buddy for a student with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Five hundred and sixteen adolescents attending the first grade of public high schools were enrolled. Gender-related differences were discussed according to the empathizing-systemizing theory. As expected, empathy and prosocial behavior predicted volunteering in ASD intervention. We conclude that the ion of peers as intervention agents should more informative sources. Clinical and research implications are discussed

Este estudio se diseñó para verificar qué tipos de cerebro cognitivo y comportamientos en el aula predecían la intención de ofrecerse voluntario a acompañar a un alumno con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Se apuntaron 516 adolescentes de primer curso de enseñanza secundaria. Se abordaron las diferencias relativas al género de acuerdo a la teoría empatía-sistematización. Según lo esperado, la empatía y el comportamiento prosocial predecían la voluntariedad para intervenir en el TEA. Se concluye que la elección de compañeros como agentes de intervención necesitaría de más fuentes de información. Se comentan las implicaciones clínicas y de investigación

Expected outcomes of sport practice for inmates: a comparison of perceptions of inmates and staff / Resultados esperados de la práctica del deporte entre los reclusos: comparación de las percepciones de presos y personal de prisiones / Resultados esperados da prática esportiva entre os reclusos: comparaçao das percepçoes de presos e pessoal (funcionários) das prisoes

In our society there is a version of sports that is 'invisible'. It is not competitive, it generates no new records and provides no victories. It consists of the unrecognized sporting experiences of certain social minorities. One of these minorities is the prison population. Some research has examined the effects that the practice of sports can have in prisons. This article analyzes these effects based on the results of a qualitative study carried out in Andalusia in Spain. It focuses on the role of sports in the social rehabilitation of the prison population, emphasizing its potential in generating positive attitudes and behaviors that are helpful in reintegration. It also reveals that the role sports has in social rehabilitation is only effective if sports programs in prisons have sound pedagogical practices behind them (AU)

En nuestra sociedad existe una versión del deporte 'invisible'. No se trata de deporte competitivo, no bate marcas, no proporciona victorias. Consiste en una experiencia desamparada para algunos colectivos sociales minoritarios. Uno de estos colectivos es la población reclusa. Algunas investigaciones han examinado los efectos positivos de la práctica deportiva en las cárceles. Este artículo analiza esa relación a partir de los resultados de una investigación cualitativa realizada en el Estado de Andalucía, en España. Se centra en el papel del deporte en la rehabilitación social de la población reclusa. Señala su potencial en la provisión de actitudes y comportamientos positivos para la integración. Igualmente, revela que el papel del deporte en la rehabilitación social sólo es efectivo si existen estrategias pedagógicas que sustenten los programas deportivos en las cárceles (AU)

Em nossa sociedade existe uma versão invisível de esporte. Não se trata de esporte competitivo, não bate recordes, não proporciona vitórias. Consiste numa experiência desamparada para alguns coletivos minoritários. Um desses coletivos é a população em regime de reclusão. Algumas investigações tem examinado os efeitos positivos das práticas esportivas nos cárceres. Este artigo analisa essa relação a partir dos resultados de uma investigação qualitativa realizada no Estado da Andaluzia, Espanha, e se centra no papel do esporte na reabilitação social da população reclusa. Assinala seu potencial na provisão de atitudes e comportamentos positivos à integração. Igualmente, revela que o papel do esporte na reabilitação social so é efetivo se existem estratégias pedagógicas que sustentem os programas esportivos nos presídios (AU)

Psicologia na assistência social: um campo em formação / Psicología en la asistencia social: un campo en formación / Psychology in social services: a forming field

Resumo Neste trabalho, propusemos uma reflexão acerca dos conhecimentos, posturas éticas e experiências práticas que cursos de graduação em Psicologia podem oferecer para capacitar suas(eus) alunas(os) para atuar no Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS). Para embasar essa discussão, realizamos uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, entrevistamos profissionais da área e revisitamos os materiais que produzimos ao longo de nossas experiências como docentes e supervisoras de estágio. Partindo da constatação de que há um grande descompasso entre a formação oferecida e o cotidiano de trabalho no SUAS, afirmamos a necessidade de outro modelo de formação, que ofereça elementos para que as(os) jovens psicólogas(os) possam desenvolver práticas inventivas e criativas, que potencializam os saberes locais e respeitam as demandas e potencialidades do território.

Resumen En este artículo, hemos propuesto una reflexión acerca de los conocimientos, postura éticas y experiencias prácticas que un curso de grado en psicología podría ofrecer para capacitar sus estudiantes para trabajar en el Sistema Único de Asistencia Social (SUAS). Para sostener esa discusión, realizamos una revisión bibliográfica acerca del tema, entrevistamos profesionales del área y revisitamos los materiales que producimos al largo de nuestras experiencias como docentes y supervisoras de prácticas. Con base en la constatación de que hay un gran descompaso entre la formación ofrecida y el cotidiano de trabajo en el SUAS, afirmamos la necesidad de otro modelo de formación, que ofrezca elementos para que los jóvenes psicólogos puedan desarrollar practicas creativas e inventivas, que potencializan los saberes locales y respetan las demandas y potencialidades del territorio.

Abstract In this article, we discussed the knowledge, ethical positions and practical experiences that undergraduate Psychology courses could offer to prepare its students to work at the Sistema Único de Assistência Social (SUAS) [Unified Social Assistance System]. To support this discussion, we did a literature review on the subject, interviewed professionals who work at this field and reviewed the material we produced during the years we have worked as professors and internship supervisors. Based on the idea that there is a big gap between the education offered and the daily work at SUAS, we defend the need of another education model, capable of offering elements that help young psychologists develop creative and inventive practices which empower local knowledge and respect the community's demands and potentialities.

The Acculturation of Community Psychology: Is There a Best Way?

In this paper I describe a community psychology perspective on acculturation and adjustment of immigrants and refugees and suggest that this field of acculturation research has in turn something to offer heuristically as we consider our identity and training for future generations of community psychologists over the next 50 years. I suggest that honoring our heritage, maintaining our disciplinary identity as community psychologists, and sustaining doctoral programs that offer training specific to community psychology are crucial for our survival as a field and is not antithetical to, and is indeed necessary for, interdisciplinary collaborations.

Action Civics for Promoting Civic Development: Main Effects of Program Participation and Differences by Project Characteristics.

Using both quantitative and qualitative data, this study examined the effect of participating in an action civics intervention, Generation Citizen (GC), on civic commitment, civic self-efficacy, and two forms of civic knowledge. The sample consisted of 617 middle and high schools students in 55 classrooms who participated, or were soon to participate, in Generation Citizen. Hierarchical linear models revealed that participating in Generation Citizen was associated with positive gains in action civics knowledge and civic self-efficacy. Qualitative coding identified three types of project characteristics that captured variability in the action projects student chose to complete: context, content, and contact with decision makers. Interactions between project characteristics and participation in GC revealed differences in civic outcomes depending on project characteristics.

Cultivating Community Psychology for Future Generations: Symbiosis, Synergy, and Separation.

As we near the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of a community psychology division of the American Psychological Association, there are reasons to be concerned about the sustainability of the field. This commentary proposes a need for deliberate, systematic efforts to cultivate settings that can sustain the field. A framework for outreach to build symbiotic relationships and synergistic collaborations with persons who do not identify as community psychologists is proposed. Simultaneously, a strategy of separation from other disciplines may be needed in some circumstances to conserve settings that sustain the field. Finding a balance in these strategies is necessary to cultivate community psychology for future generations.

Reflections on a Community Psychology Setting and the Future of the Field.

The 50th anniversary of the Swampscott Conference offers an opportunity to reflect on a community psychology setting, The Consultation Center at Yale, that was formed in response to the 1963 Community Mental Health Act and the 1965 Swampscott Conference. The Center has flourished as a community psychology setting for practice, research, and training for 39 of the 50 years since Swampscott. Its creation and existence over this period offers an opportunity for reflection on the types of settings needed to sustain the field into the future.

A Vision for the Future of Community Psychology Education and Training.

As we reflect on the founding vision of the field of community psychology in the United States, we assess our progress toward achieving, building upon, and refining this vision. We review early literature regarding the US vision of the field, provide a historical overview of education and training within the field, and provide recommendations to guide and strengthen our approach to education. Our recommendations include the following: 1) serve as a resource to communities, 2) promote a sense of community within our field, 3) diversify students, faculty, and leadership, 4) evaluate our efforts, 5) be current and relevant, 6) enhance the visibility and growth of our field, and 7) create globally minded and innovative CPists. We provide strategies for programs, faculty, linkages between researchers and practitioners, and the Society for Community Research and Action. We conclude that community psychology education and training continues to reflect the early vision; however, we believe we must make more intentional efforts to align with the mission and values of the field, and to engage in a critical analysis of our pedagogy. Enhancing and growing undergraduate and graduate education can facilitate the achievement of our goals to promote social justice, prevent and address social problems, and build community connections to become more effective, impactful, and global social change agents.